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Analyses | | Joanna Hyndle-Hussein

The Balticconnector gas pipeline damage

On 8 October, the gas transmission operators (Finland’s Gasgrid and Estonia’s Elering) noticed a drop in pressure in the Balticconnector bi-directional undersea gas pipeline, which connects the gas systems of Finland and Estonia through…
OSW Commentary | | Bartosz Chmielewski, Jacek Tarociński

The Baltic states and Finland fencing themselves off from Russia and Belarus

The migratory pressure on the Polish, Lithuanian and Latvian borders with Belarus which has been ongoing since mid-2021, as well as Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, have spurred the Baltic states and Finland to ramp up their…
Analyses | | Jacek Tarociński

Finlands new government coalition 2 of GDP to be allocated on defence despite budget cuts

On 20 June, Finland’s president Sauli Niinistö appointed a government composed of the centre-right National Coalition Party, the right-wing Finns Party, the centrist Swedish People’s Party of Finland and the Christian Democrats. A 240-page…
Analyses | | Jacek Tarociński

Denmark higher spending on defence and military support for Ukraine

On 30 May, Denmark’s acting defence minister Troels Lund Poulsen presented the government’s proposal for the new Defence Agreement covering the 2024–33 period. It provides for additional defence spending of 143 billion kroner (€19.20…
Analyses | | Justyna Gotkowska, Jacek Tarociński

Finland becomes NATOs thirty-first member state

On 4 April, the seventy-fourth anniversary of NATO’s foundation, Finland became its thirty-first member. On that day, Turkey – the last country to approve Finnish membership in the Alliance – handed over its ratification documents to the…
OSW Report | | Piotr Szymański

NATOs polar quartet. The US, Canada, Denmark and Norway in the Arctic

The Arctic is the part of the world that has been most severely affected by climate change. The Arctic Ocean is heating up, new opportunities for shipping and resource extraction are emerging, and international cooperation in the polar…
Analyses | | Jacek Tarociński

Norway banks on German tanks

Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre and the country’s defence and finance ministers announced on 3 February that Oslo will purchase 54 Leopard-2A7 tanks, with an option to order 18 more vehicles in the future. The overall value of…
Analyses | | Jacek Tarociński

Sweden and Finland towards Defence Cooperation Agreements with the US

At the annual security conference held in Sälen on 9 January, Swedish defence minister Pål Jonson announced that the government had begun talks with the US on concluding a Defence Cooperation Agreement (DCA), which is designed to enable…
Analyses | | Szymon Kardaś

Result of arbitration between Gazprom and Gasum contradictory statements from the companies

On 16 November, Gazprom announced that in accordance with the award of the arbitral tribunal, the Finnish company Gasum is obliged to pay the Russian company the amount of €300 million for gas deliveries relating to the non-fulfilment of…
Analyses | | Jacek Tarociński

Norway against Russian hybrid activities

At a press conference held on 25 October, the Norwegian Police Security Service (Politiets sikkerhetstjeneste, PST) announced that it had taken over an investigation into the activity of unidentified unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in the…