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OSW Studies | | Sławomir Matuszak

The oligarchic democracy The influence of business groups on Ukrainian politics

The Ukrainian oligarchic system, which developed into its ultimate shape during Leonid Kuchma’s second presidency, turned out to be very durable. The nature of close relations between the government and the oligarchs has not undergone any…
OSW Studies | | Jadwiga Rogoża, Agata Wierzbowska-Miazga, Iwona Wiśniewska

A captive island Kaliningrad between Moscow and the EU

The Kaliningrad region can be called a 'captive island', because of its specific geopolitical location - it is part of the Russian legal, political and economic space, yet it is geographically separated from the rest of the Russian…
OSW Studies | | Tadeusz A Olszański

The language issue in Ukraine An attempt at a new perspective

In  Ukraine,  alongside  Ukrainians,  there  are very many Russians and members of other nationalities of the former Soviet Union as well as a still large group of people who identify themselves as Soviets (in terms of their nationality).…
OSW Studies | | Wojciech Konończuk

Russias best ally The situation of the Russian oil sector and forecast for its future

Oil is a strategic raw material for Russia and one of fundamental significance for the functioning of the state and its future. Taxes on oil production and exports are the most important source of state budget revenues which guarantee…