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Analyses |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Szymon Kardaś, Piotr Szymański, Sławomir Matuszak
On 30 October the Danish Energy Agency (DEA) issued a permit allowing the construction of Nord Stream 2 in the Danish exclusive economic zone on the route that runs southeast from Bornholm, thereby rejecting the alternative route running…
OSW Commentary |
| Michał Bogusz
The protests in the Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong have been going on since March, and were triggered by a bill allowing extradition of inhabitants of the region to the People’s Republic of China. The demonstrations are…
OSW Studies |
| Maria Domańska
The Russian model of authoritarian rule owes its durability to the ‘deep structures’ that constitute the foundation of the Russian political system and political culture. These deep structures encompass an entire complex of basic values,…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Strachota, Mariusz Marszewski
Russian president Vladimir Putin and Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan reached an agreement on 22 October regarding coordination of operations in north-eastern Syria, including the future prospects for the Turkish military operation ‘…
Analyses |
| Marta Szpala
Following negotiations with leaders of parliamentary groupings and President Stevo Pendarovski, Zoran Zaev, the prime minister of North Macedonia, announced on 20 October that a compromise on scheduling a snap parliamentary election had…
Analyses |
| Konrad Popławski
The Federal Network Agency published draft safety rules for 5G networks. The document does not provide for excluding any of the network solution suppliers from participating in 5G development in Germany. It does not include the provision…
Analyses |
| Marta Szpala
On 15 October, the General Affairs Council (GAC), a body functioning within the Council of the European Union, was unable to reach a compromise on accession negotiations with North Macedonia and Albania. France and most likely also the…
Analyses |
| Mateusz Chudziak
The Turkish military operation ‘Peace Spring’, launched in northern Syria on 9 October, has met with harsh criticism from the European Union and an ambivalent attitude from the United States. Brussels called on Ankara to halt the military…
Analyses |
| Franciszek Tyszka
Even though Fidesz won the local elections in Hungary on 13 October on the national scale, the outcome may be viewed as a success for the opposition. István Tarlós, who had served as the mayor of Budapest since 2010 and who was supported…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Strachota
On 9 October the Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan announced the launch of a military operation in northern Syria, the declared aims of which are to create a security zone separating Turkey from the areas controlled by Syrian Kurds,…