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OSW Commentary |
| Kamil Kłysiński
The sanctions imposed by the West after 2020, along with the involvement of Alyaksandr Lukashenka’s regime in the invasion of Ukraine, have severely impacted Belarus’spetrochemical sector. The EU’s embargo on the import of petroleum…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Sławomir Matuszak
On 26 August, Russia carried out another large-scale attack on Ukraine’s infrastructure, primarily targeting the energy grid, using a record number of weapons (see chart). According to the Ukrainian Air Force Command, a total of 127…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Krzysztof Nieczypor
Analyses |
| Marcin Jędrysiak, Krzysztof Nieczypor
On 20 August, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine passed amendments to laws regulating the activities of religious communities, and thus made it possible to ban the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (UOC MP), the largest…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Strachota, Miłosz Bartosiewicz
On 18–19 August, Vladimir Putin paid his first state visit to Baku. Official statements published by Russia and Azerbaijan emphasised the “friendly and allied” nature of their relationship, mutual respect for their territorial integrity,…
Analyses |
| Lidia Gibadło, Piotr Szymański
On 17 August, the Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung newspaper (FAS) published information regarding the German government’s decision not to increase military support for Ukraine in excess of the funds which have been earmarked in this…
OSW Commentary |
| Maciej Kalwasiński
In the vision for the economy presented by the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) at the Third Plenum of the 20th Central Committee (CC), technological progress is portrayed as the solution to the major issues affecting the…
OSW Commentary |
| Bartosz Chmielewski, Sandra Baniak
Alongside Via Baltica, Rail Baltica (RB), which involves the construction of a high-speed railway (HSR) connecting the Baltic state’s capitals, has been the most important infrastructural venture carried out by these states since they…
OSW Commentary |
| Marcin Jędrysiak
A peculiar political system has emerged during the five years of Volodymyr Zelensky’s rule in Ukraine, with virtually all power concentrated in the hands of the head of state and the Office of the President of Ukraine (OPU) which he…