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OSW Report | | Michał Kędzierski, Rafał Bajczuk

The leader is gasping for breath. Germany's climate policy

For years, Germany has claimed to be the leader of global climate policy and has continued to raise the issue of global warming on the international forum. All over the world, Germany is associated with the transition to renewable energy…
OSW Report | | Konrad Popławski, Rafał Bajczuk

Industry 40. Germany’s new industrial policy

For several decades industry has been the strength of the German economy. The Fourth Industrial Revolution, characterised by the wide use of the internet &digital technologies in all spheres of the economy, is transforming the market…
OSW Studies | | Rafał Bajczuk

The unfinished reform. An assessment of the energy transformation in Germany

In its time in power, which is shortly to end, the CDU/CSU-SPD coalition introduced key legislative changes enabling a further transformation of the energy sector.  
OSW Report | | Rafał Bajczuk

Dependence management The background of the German gas policy

Natural gas, after crude oil, is the most important energy carrier in the German economy. Over the past twenty years, natural gas has been the only conventional energy carrier to have increased its share in the German energy basket.