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OSW Studies |
| Rafał Sadowski
In 2014–2016, Ukraine’s banking sector was affected by what has proven to be the most serious crisis in its modern history. Almost half of the banks went bankrupt and the losses incurred by the state and banking sector clients was in…
Point of View |
| Rafał Sadowski
Partnership in times of crisis Challenges for the Eastern European countries integration with Europe
Over the four years since its launch, the Eastern Partnership initiative has created frameworks and mechanisms for the integration of EaP countries with the EU. Despite this, the partner countries have so far made little meaningful…
OSW Report |
| Adam Balcer, Wojciech Konończuk, Marek Menkiszak, Marcin Andrzej Piotrowski, Jerzy Rohoziński, Rafał Sadowski, Wojciech Tworkowski
The evaluation of Turkey's standpoint and potential regarding the aforementioned issues is especially important, considering the tensions existing in Turkey's relations with the EU and the USA, as well as the West's increasing engagement…
OSW Report |
| Wojciech Paczyński, Rafał Sadowski, Adam Balcer
The start of accession negotiations between Ankara and the EU is vital for the future of both Turkey and the Union, including Poland as its member state, as well as for the geopolitical situation in Eurasia (the Black Sea region, Caucasus…
OSW Report |
| Rafał Sadowski
The presidential election strengthened Alyaksandr Lukashenka's political position, as the president extended his rule by another five years to 2011. It also reinforced the repression apparatus, consolidated the ruling group and ensured…
OSW Studies |
| Rafał Sadowski
The European Union's new border with Eastern European countries, Russia, Belarus and Ukraine, is approximately 3000 km long. It has vital meaning for the Union in terms of security as well as for social and economic reasons. Unlike the…