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OSW Commentary |
| Wojciech Konończuk, Witold Rodkiewicz
Moldova’s progress in its negotiations on an Association Agreement with the European Union, with a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) as its key element, has become a source of tension between Chisinau and the breakaway…
OSW Commentary |
| Kamil Kłysiński, Wojciech Konończuk
Belarus generated a surplus at US$1.9 billion in foreign trade in goods and services in the first four months of 2012 as compared to a deficit of US$2.8 billion for the same timeframe a year earlier. Minsk owes this, its highest positive…
Analyses |
| Wojciech Konończuk, Sławomir Matuszak
When Moldova and Ukraine joined the Energy Community in May 2010 and February 2011 respectively, they committed themselves to adopting and implementing a series of European Union directives relating to gas, electricity, renewable energy…
Analyses |
| Wojciech Konończuk, Tadeusz A Olszański
On 20 October, the Deputy Prime Minister of Ukraine Andriy Kluyev and the EU Commissioner for Trade Karel De Gucht announced that the parties have concluded negotiations on a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA). The Commissioner…
Analyses |
| Wojciech Konończuk
Some details of the negotiations were revealed on 26 September by the Ukrainian Prime Minister Mykola Azarov, according to whom Russia has agreed to cut gas prices for individual consumers in Ukraine, in exchange for reducing the rates for…
Analyses |
| Kamil Kłysiński, Wojciech Konończuk
The loan is to be made in several tranches over the next three years. As Belarus’s sole possible creditor at this time, Moscow has presented its action as economic support for the crisis-ridden Belarusian economy. However, in return for…
Analyses |
| Wojciech Konończuk, Sławomir Matuszak
Ukraine sees the signing of the Association Agreement with the EU as its priority and for this reason it has agreed to certain concessions to the EU's advantage; this has enabled the advancement of the negotiations. Ukraine treats offers…
OSW Commentary |
| Kamil Kłysiński, Wojciech Konończuk
The most serious crisis in the history of Russian-Belarusian relations has been taking place over the past few months. In 2007 Russia started the process of depriving Belarus of subsidies in the form of supplies of fuels at low prices,…
Analyses |
| Kamil Kłysiński, Wojciech Konończuk
A small gas debt that Belarus owes is a pretext for Russia to pursue its political and economic goals oriented towards both Minsk and the West.
OSW Studies |
| Wojciech Konończuk
Belarus holds a special position in Russian policy due to its geopolitical, military and transit significance. Russia's influence and position in the entire Eastern European region largely depend on how strong Russian influence in Belarus…