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Analyses | | Justyna Gotkowska

The end of the INF the beginning of tough negotiations

On 4 December, the NATO Foreign Affairs Ministers issued a statement confirming that Russia had violated the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty on the elimination of ground-launch ballistic and cruise missiles with a range…
OSW Commentary | | Justyna Gotkowska, Piotr Szymański

NATOs Northeast Quartet Prospects and Opportunities for Baltic-Polish Defence Cooperation

For quite some time, territorial defence seemed to be an obsolete need, a leftover from the Cold War era. However, Russia’s overt and covert uses of military force—against Georgia in 2008 and against Ukraine since 2014—have profoundly…