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OSW Report | | Anna Kwiatkowska, Kamil Frymark, Michał Kędzierski, Lidia Gibadło, Sebastian Płóciennik, Justyna Gotkowska

Making up for lost time. Germany in the era of the Zeitenwende

Main points
OSW Report | | Justyna Gotkowska

A European Defence Union. The EU's new instruments in the area of security and defence

Since 2016, efforts to increase cooperation in the EU’s security and defence policy have accelerated. New initiatives have been undertaken in the military, industrial and civilian dimensions under the label of a European Defence Union. So…
OSW Report | | Justyna Gotkowska

German Networks in the East German soft power in Eastern Europe Central Asia and the South Caucasus

Contact network building and political lobbying, development co-operation programmes and foreign cultural and science policy are vital for supporting the German economy – which relies heavily on exports – and for the country’s ambition to…