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Point of View | | Justyna Gotkowska

Swedens security. The long way towards total defence

Since 2008, Swedish security policy has drawn keen interest from the countries of the Nordic and Baltic states, NATO, as well as the US and Russia. The allied member states have hoped to see Sweden join NATO, while Russia has sought to…
Point of View | | Justyna Gotkowska

The trouble with PESCO. The mirages of European defence

The creation of Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) in December 2017 crowned the series of recent debates and actions aimed at strengthening the common security and defence policy of the EU.
Point of View | | Justyna Gotkowska

A weak link Germany in the Euro-Atlantic security system

The German preference for dialogue and compromise in conflict situations may increasingly pose a risk to maintaining the cohesion and credibility of NATO.
Point of View | | Justyna Gotkowska

Norway and the Bear Norwegian defence policy - lessons for the Baltic Sea region

Norway is currently the only ‘old’ NATO member that strongly relies on the traditional dimension of NATO's collective defence.
Point of View | | Justyna Gotkowska

Sitting on the fence Swedish defence policy and the Baltic Sea region

Sweden finds itself in the midst of the most heated debates about defence policy and the direction of military reforms since the end of the Cold War, as Stockholm faces the challenge of finding a new military security formula.  
Point of View | | Justyna Gotkowska

Bundeswehr 30 The political military and social dimensions of the reform of the German armed forces

This reform of the Bundeswehr, launched in 2011, is the latest of the three decisive stages in the post-war transformation of the German armed forces. The reform aims at “constructing” the armed forces anew in the political, military and…