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OSW Report | | Kamil Kłysiński

The collective economy is ineffective. The state of the belarusian agricultural sector

When compared to other sectors of the Belarusian economy, agriculture is most affected by the country’s Soviet heritage. Since Belarus regained independence, large state-owned farms operating on the basis of the former sovkhozes and…
Point of View | | Kamil Kłysiński, Piotr Żochowski

Focused on survival. The Belarusian political and business elite post-2020

The marginalisation of the civilian segment of the state apparatus at all levels of government which has been ongoing since 2020 is to the advantage of the state security sector which at present forms the main internal pillar of Lukashenka…
OSW Report | | Kamil Kłysiński, Wojciech Konończuk

Opposites put together. Belarus's politics of memory

The outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in 2014 became a turning point in Belarus’s historical narrative and forced the regime to emphasise Belarusian distinctiveness from Russia more than before. The activation of the politics of…