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Analyses | | Iwona Wiśniewska, Andrzej Wilk, Sławomir Matuszak, Adam Michalski

Russia renewed blockade of Ukrainian grain exports by sea

On 29 October, explosions occurred at the Russian Black Sea Fleet base in Sevastopol, most likely the result of an attack using unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) in the form of explosive-laden speedboats. The incident was reported by Moscow…
Analyses | | Wojciech Konończuk, Sławomir Matuszak, Ewa Paszyc

Russian-Turkish agreement on the South Stream pipeline – an instrument of pressure on Ukraine

On 28 December in Moscow, the energy minister of Turkey, Taner Yildiz, sent Prime Minister Vladimir Putin a note giving Russia permission to build the South Stream gas pipeline through Turkey’s exclusive economic zone. The note’s content…