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Analyses | | Michał Kędzierski, Szymon Kardaś, Agata Łoskot-Strachota

Germanys non-paper defending Nord Stream 2 addressed to the members of the US Congress

On 28 November, the American news website Axios reported on a non-paper that was sent on 19 November by the German government, via the embassy in Washington, to members of the US Congress concerning the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline. Its…
Analyses | | Michał Kędzierski, Szymon Kardaś

The Federal Network Agency suspends the process of certifying Nord Stream 2

On 16 November, the German Federal Network Agency (Bundesnetzagentur, BNetzA) announced it was suspending the process of certifying Nord Stream 2 AG (NS2AG) as an independent transmission system operator. In its statement the regulator…
OSW Commentary | | Szymon Kardaś, Michał Kędzierski

A hydrogen alliance The potential for German-Russian cooperation in hydrogen energy

Joint hydrogen energy projects are components of the comprehensive Russian-German energy cooperation which has been ongoing for more than five decades. Due to increasing demand for hydrogen resulting from Germany’s energy transition (…