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Analyses |
| Adam Michalski
On 22 April, Turkey’s president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan made his first official visit to Iraq since 2011. He was accompanied by ministers for foreign affairs, domestic affairs, defence, trade, transport & infrastructure and energy, as…
Analyses |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Adam Michalski
On 20 March, Turkey’s minister of energy and natural resources, Alparslan Bayraktar, announced that the country was set to receive up to 2 bcm of Turkmen gas “in the initial stage” under a memorandum of understanding signed at the…
Analyses |
| Adam Michalski, Krzysztof Strachota
On 9 October, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan warned the US that the downing of a Turkish drone by US forces in Syria would not be forgotten and promised to take the “necessary action when the time comes”. A day later, he reiterated…
Analyses |
| Adam Michalski
Turkish-Greek relations have remained difficult for decades and are characterised by recurring periods of heightened tensions. In addition to long-standing socially and politically charged resentments, the main source of contention between…
Analyses |
| Adam Michalski
On 6–7 September, EU Commissioner for Neighbourhood and Enlargement Olivér Várhelyi visited Ankara. He held talks, among others, with the Ministers of Foreign Affairs, Trade, Energy and Natural Resources of Turkey. At a joint conference,…
Analyses |
| Adam Michalski, Zuzanna Krzyżanowska
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan visited Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates between 17–19 July. He was accompanied by a government delegation consisting of the ministers of foreign affairs, defence, trade & industry…
Analyses |
| Filip Rudnik, Sławomir Matuszak, Adam Michalski
On 17 July, Kremlin spokesman Dmitri Peskov announced that the Russian Federation had withdrawn from the Black Sea Grain Initiative; on the same day, the Russian foreign ministry also conveyed this decision to Turkey, Ukraine and the UN…
Analyses |
| Adam Michalski
Between 7 and 14 June, the Turkish lira lost around 9 percent of its total value against the US dollar, with its exchange rate reaching lowest levels since the Justice and Development Party took power in 2002. Over the past two years, the…
Analyses |
| Zuzanna Krzyżanowska, Adam Michalski
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was sworn in for a third presidential term on 3 June in Ankara. The ceremony was attended by delegations of senior officials (heads of state or government) from Turkey’s neighbouring countries, that is Azerbaijan,…
Analyses |
| Adam Michalski, Zuzanna Krzyżanowska
Turkey held presidential and parliamentary elections on 14 May. After counting 99% of the domestic ballot boxes and 84% from abroad, the Supreme Election Commission reported that in the presidential election Recep Tayyip Erdoğan received…