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OSW Commentary | | Łukasz Maślanka

ASAP EU support for ammunition production in member states

The military support that NATO and EU countries have been providing to Ukraine since the beginning of the Russian invasion has revealed a significant reduction in their stocks of ammunition (including artillery ammunition) since the end of…
OSW Commentary | | Łukasz Maślanka

An EU War Chest the success and uncertain future of the European Peace Facility

On 26 June the Council of the EU raised the ceiling for the financing of the European Peace Facility (EPF) for the second time this year, this time by €3.5 billion. It will now total €10.5 billion at 2018 prices or around €12 billion at…
Analyses | | Lidia Gibadło, Michał Bogusz, Łukasz Maślanka

Chinese consultations in Germany and France economic cooperation despite differences

The Prime Minister of China and a delegation of nine members of the State Council visited Germany on 18–21 June. The main reason for the visit was the 7th Sino-German ‘Joint Action for Sustainable Development’ intergovernmental…
Analyses | | Justyna Gotkowska, Łukasz Maślanka

France against Germanys European Sky Shield Initiative

On 19 June, a meeting aimed at harmonising European countries’ air defence policies was held in Paris, at the initiative of President Emmanuel Macron. It was attended by defence ministers and state secretaries from 20 European countries,…