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OSW Commentary | | Jakub Jakóbowski

Chinas foreign direct investments within the 16+1 cooperation formula strategy institutions results

The development of the ‘16+1’ format largely reflected China’s strategic aims defined at the beginning of the diplomatic offensive in the region.
OSW Commentary | | Jakub Jakóbowski

A partial success of trade cooperation within the 16+1 formula the case of food exports to China

The new Chinese agenda to actively develop trade cooperation with the CEE region particularly emphasised one sector of trade.
OSW Commentary | | Marcin Kaczmarski

China on Central-Eastern Europe 16+1 as seen from Beijing

Regardless of the limited effectiveness of activities carried out so far, China has continued its ‘16+1’ initiative.
OSW Commentary | | Marcin Kaczmarski

The New Silk Road a versatile instrument in Chinas policy

The New Silk Road has become the key instrument of China’s foreign policy, especially in the areas of public diplomacy and soft power.