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Analyses |
| Michał Kędzierski, Szymon Kardaś, Agata Łoskot-Strachota
On 28 November, the American news website Axios reported on a non-paper that was sent on 19 November by the German government, via the embassy in Washington, to members of the US Congress concerning the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline. Its…
OSW Commentary |
| Sebastian Płóciennik
The adaptation of the economy and the state to new information technologies – next to the energy transformation (Energiewende) – is viewed as one of the greatest civilisational challenges Germany is currently facing. However, progress in…
Analyses |
| Michał Kędzierski, Szymon Kardaś
On 16 November, the German Federal Network Agency (Bundesnetzagentur, BNetzA) announced it was suspending the process of certifying Nord Stream 2 AG (NS2AG) as an independent transmission system operator. In its statement the regulator…
Analyses |
| Kamil Frymark
For several weeks, Olaf Scholz – the Social Democratic Party (SPD)’s candidate for chancellor – has continued to rise in popularity. If direct elections to this post were held, the current finance minister and vice-chancellor would…
Analyses |
| Ryszarda Formuszewicz, Agata Łoskot-Strachota
On 21 July, the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the US State Department issued a Joint Statement of the United States and Germany on Support for Ukraine, European Energy Security, and our Climate Goals. The statement presents the…
Analyses |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Ryszarda Formuszewicz, Szymon Kardaś
On 15 July, the Court of Justice of the EU dismissed Germany’s appeal against the judgement handed down by the General Court of September 2019 annulling the decision of the European Commission to allow Russia’s Gazprom greater use of the…
Point of View |
| Anna Kwiatkowska
Angela Merkel is the first woman to climb to the top of German politics. Step by step, to the surprise of her male rivals inside the party, she took over the leadership on the political scene of Germany, and then of the European Union.…
Analyses |
| Szymon Kardaś
On 4 June, during the International Economic Forum in St. Petersburg, Russian President Vladimir Putin announced that the pipe-laying of the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline’s first line (line B) had been completed. He also announced that the…
OSW Commentary |
| Krzysztof Dębiec, Michał Kędzierski
Lignite still plays an important role in the Czech and German power industries, remaining one of their key sources of electricity. These countries, together with Poland, are the largest producers and consumers of this fuel in the EU. The…
OSW Commentary |
| Ryszarda Formuszewicz, Szymon Kardaś, Agata Łoskot-Strachota
Russian ships resumed laying the Nord Stream 2 (NS2) gas pipeline on the Baltic Sea bed in February this year. Russia’s goal is to complete the project and put it into operation as soon as possible. This coincided with media reports that…