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OSW Report |
| Michał Kędzierski
The phasing out of coal (Kohleausstieg) is the next stage of Germany’s energy transformation, after nuclear power plant shutdowns. Lignite and hard coal still play an important role in the German energy sector, but are also a significant…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Nieczypor, Tadeusz Iwański
In recent days, there has been a crisis in relations between Ukraine and Germany, caused by a series of actions by Berlin that impeded the transfer of weapons to the Ukrainian army in the face of a potential attack from Russia, as well as…
Analyses |
| Michał Kędzierski
In 2022, the German hydrogen foundation H2Global will begin full-scale operations. The go-ahead comes after the European Commission confirmed on 20 December 2021 that its model complies with EU regulations on state aid, and after receiving…
Analyses |
| Anna Kwiatkowska
Germany's response to Russian demands for a revision of the European security order and for Russia to be guaranteed a sphere of influence in the post-Soviet area has been inconsistent and overcautious. So far, it in no way resembles the…
Analyses |
| Michał Kędzierski
The record-high prices of electricity and natural gas observed since mid-2021 on European exchanges have led to major rises in energy prices for consumers. The information released on 10 January by the Check24 price comparison website…