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OSW Commentary | | Bartosz Chmielewski, Jacek Tarociński

The Baltic states and Finland fencing themselves off from Russia and Belarus

The migratory pressure on the Polish, Lithuanian and Latvian borders with Belarus which has been ongoing since mid-2021, as well as Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, have spurred the Baltic states and Finland to ramp up their…
OSW Commentary | | Bartosz Chmielewski

How to postpone a demographic crisis Estonia and the lifeline of immigration

Estonia is the only one of the three Baltic states to have recorded stable population growth in recent years. The main reason for this has been the increasingly positive rates of immigration and re-remigration, which have enabled Estonia…
OSW Commentary | | OSW team

A multi-speed mobilisation NATOs eastern flank one year after the Russian invasion of Ukraine

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has challenged the security of the countries of NATO's eastern flank on an unprecedented scale. The Baltic states, the Visegrad Group and the Black Sea states are all situated in the neighbourhood of Ukraine…