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OSW Commentary | | Robert Pszczel

Europes security without America an imperative of the moment or a dangerous idea

For many years, a variety of concepts linked with the so-called European security and defence identity had appeared, vanished and re-emerged in the public space. Numerous terms and ideas related to this concept have been enjoying life of…
OSW Commentary | | Jakub Graca, Justyna Gotkowska

NATOs nuclear deterrence is it time for change

NATO is in the process of adjusting its nuclear deterrence in response to the modernisation of Russia’s nuclear capabilities, the deployment of Russian tactical nuclear weapons near NATO’s borders, and the Kremlin’s increasingly aggressive…
OSW Report | | Konrad Popławski, Sandra Baniak, Adam Michalski, Marcin Popławski

The Middle Corridor. A Eurasian alternative to Russia

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, which has now been ongoing for almost two years, is not only leading to significant political re-evaluations, but is also bringing with it significant transformations in Eurasian transport routes. One of the…