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Analyses |
| Kamil Całus, Andrzej Sadecki
On 17 December, the president of Azerbaijan and the prime ministers of Georgia, Hungary and Romania signed a strategic partnership agreement in Bucharest on the development and transport of green energy. The event was also attended by the…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
On 23 and 24 December, there was massive shelling of Kherson (it was attacked 41 times on Christmas Eve), which continued with less intensity (7–11 times a day) in the following days. 16 residents were killed and 64 wounded. Local…
Analyses |
| Lidia Gibadło, Justyna Gotkowska
On 14 December, the Budget Committee of the Bundestag approved first six armaments projects to be financed from the Bundeswehr’s off-budget €100 billion fund. The fund was established by the Bundestag in June 2022 to strengthen German and…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk
On 21 December, the Russian Defence Ministry College’s annual extended meeting was held with President Vladimir Putin’s participation. The main topic was the so-called special military operation, which is to continue ‘until the tasks are…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Nieczypor, Andrzej Wilk
On 21 December, President Volodymyr Zelensky paid a visit to Washington. It was his first foreign trip since the Russian invasion. During his remarks, he thanked the United States for its assistance so far and expressed hope for continued…
Analyses |
| Kamil Frymark
More than a third (37%) of Ukrainian refugees intend to stay in Germany permanently, while 34% intend to stay until the end of the war, 27% of respondents have not yet decided how long they will stay in Germany and 2% intend to leave the…
Analyses |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
On 16 December, the European Union adopted its ninth package of sanctions against Russia. The restrictions introduced include:
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Jakub Ber
On 18–19 December, the Russians launched a kamikaze drone attack on Kyiv, damaging energy infrastructure in two areas of the city. Its defenders reported that 18 of the 23 Shahed-136/131 drones attacking the capital had been shot down.…
Analyses |
| Kamil Całus, Łukasz Kobeszko
The EU’s Justice and Home Affairs Council backed the entry of Croatia into the Schengen zone on 8 December, but refused to allow Bulgaria and Romania to join. Their candidacies were blocked by Austria (the admission of new members requires…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Strachota
On 14 December, the criminal court of first instance sentenced Istanbul’s Mayor Ekrem İmamoğlu to two years and seven months’ imprisonment for publicly insulting 11 members of the Turkish High Election Commission. In addition, the court…