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OSW Commentary | | Jakub Jakóbowski

Green economy or coal counter-revolution Challenges to Chinas economic reform process

Developments in the Chinese coal sector have revealed a series of fundamental challenges to the changes in China’s economic model.
OSW Commentary | | Marcin Kaczmarski, Witold Rodkiewicz

Russias Greater Eurasia and Chinas New Silk Road adaptation instead of competition

Russia has ultimately opted for the strategy of joining a stronger partner instead of choosing the strategy of counterbalancing the rising power of China.
OSW Report | | Rafał Bajczuk

Dependence management The background of the German gas policy

Natural gas, after crude oil, is the most important energy carrier in the German economy. Over the past twenty years, natural gas has been the only conventional energy carrier to have increased its share in the German energy basket.
OSW Commentary | | Justyna Gotkowska

High on reassurance low on deterrence – Germanys stance on strengthening NATOs eastern flank

Germany’s stance on strengthening NATO’s eastern flank has evolved over the last two years.
OSW Commentary | | Piotr Woyke

Cautious and rotational – US military engagement on NATOs eastern flank

The Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014 put a stop to the gradual scaling down of US military engagement in Europe.