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OSW Commentary | | Kamil Kłysiński

Pressure being stepped up cautiously the EUs and USs sanctions against Belarus

The rigged presidential election held in Belarus on 9 August 2020 and the brutal crackdown on the participants of post-election demonstrations triggered immediate criticism from the leaders of EU member states. These developments, combined…
OSW Commentary | | Maria Domańska

Tightening the screws Putins repressive laws

In December 2020, President Vladimir Putin signed a package of laws tightening regulations on non-governmental organisations, public gatherings and media censorship. It is one of the elements marking a new quality in the Kremlin’s domestic…
OSW Commentary | | Krzysztof Dębiec

The Bohemianisation of the media The acquisition of the Czech media sector by local billionaires

The deal finalising the sale of Nova TV to PPF on 13 October 2020 completed the process of key Czech media organisations being taken over by local capital. At the beginning of 2008, foreign entities controlled the vast majority of the…
OSW Commentary | | Jadwiga Rogoża, Iwona Wiśniewska

Sputnik V research production vaccination campaign and export

In December 2020, Russia launched a mass-scale action for vaccinating its citizens with the domestically produced Sputnik V coronavirus vaccine. It was only on 2 February 2021 that the Gamaleya Institute, which developed the vaccine,…
OSW Commentary | | Wojciech Górecki, Mateusz Chudziak

The pan-Turkic Caucasus The Baku-Ankara alliance and its regional importance

The Nagorno-Karabakh war of autumn 2020 and the military parade organised in Baku after its end, which was jointly hosted by the presidents of Azerbaijan and Turkey, Ilham Aliyev and Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, highlighted the potential of the…