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OSW Commentary | | Iwona Wiśniewska

War is the top priority Russia is facing increasingly serious budget problems

Public funds became the most important lever of economic activity in the Russian Federation when it invaded Ukraine and due to Western sanctions. According to the Russian finance ministry’s estimates, the total value of budget support for…
OSW Commentary | | Filip Rudnik

Fanning the flames crisis on the Russian fuel market

The increase in fuel prices in Russia seen since the beginning of the year and fuel shortages at individual gas stations forced an unprecedented response from the government: a ban on the export of diesel oil and gasoline. According to…
OSW Commentary | | OSW team

The EU debate on qualified majority voting in the Common Foreign and Security Policy Reform and enlargement

The Russian invasion of Ukraine and the discussion about possible EU enlargement have given new impetus to the EU debate on institutional reforms. It is mainly Germany which has been setting the tone in this debate. For the ruling SPD-…
OSW Commentary | | Maria Domańska, Iwona Wiśniewska, Piotr Żochowski

Caught in the jaws of the russkiy mir Ukraines occupied regions a year after their annexation

Although Kremlin propaganda has attempted to present the occupied Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia oblasts as permanent elements of the Russian Federation (RF), Russia’s policy towards them has been characterised by violence and…
OSW Commentary | | Miłosz Bartosiewicz

A tactical pause The Kremlins regional policy in the shadow of the war

On 8–10 September, elections at various levels were held in most Russian federal subjects. The Kremlin used them to gain more political control over the regions and their capitals. At the same time, Russia’s centralisation process has…