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Point of View | | Łukasz Maślanka

The patchwork defence union. Shifts in the EU’s security policy following the Russian invasion of Ukraine

Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 provided an impulse for the development of EU security and defence policy initiatives. Member states provided significant military assistance to Kyiv, making innovative use of Common…
OSW Report | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

The unfinished de-russification. The remnants of energy ties between the EU and Russia

The launch of Russia’s full-scale aggression against Ukraine and its economic war with the West have led to an unprecedented reduction in the European Union’s energy ties with Moscow. Brussels has proven more willing than many expected to…
OSW Report | | Konrad Popławski, Sandra Baniak, Adam Michalski, Marcin Popławski

The Middle Corridor. A Eurasian alternative to Russia

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, which has now been ongoing for almost two years, is not only leading to significant political re-evaluations, but is also bringing with it significant transformations in Eurasian transport routes. One of the…