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OSW Commentary | | Zuzanna Krzyżanowska
Ankara’s active policy in the Caucasus and Central Asia is linked among other things with pan-Turkism, an idea which advocates the integration of the Turkic nations. It is continuously present in the political culture of the Turkish state…
OSW Commentary | | Marcin Popławski
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has changed the European Union’s approach to Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan). Over the last two years, it has become more important for the EU to maintain this…
Analyses | | Lidia Gibadło, Marcin Popławski
The first leaders’ summit in the Central Asia-Federal Republic of Germany (C5+RFN) format took place in Berlin on 29 September. The five leaders of the region met with Chancellor Olaf Scholz and President Frank-Walter Steinmeier, both as a…
Analyses | | Michał Bogusz, Marcin Popławski
On 17–19 May, the city of Xi’an in China hosted the second summit of the leaders of five Central Asian countries, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan, and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) (the first of…
Analyses | | Krzysztof Strachota
The twelfth summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) took place on 6-7 June in Beijing. The summit was attended by the presidents of the organisation’s member states: China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and…