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OSW Commentary |
| Konrad Popławski
Over the past decade, Chinese investors have expanded their presence in European ports, acquiring significant stakes in some of the continent’s largest terminals, including those in Rotterdam, Hamburg, and Antwerp. Following the 2008…
OSW Commentary |
| Maciej Kalwasiński
In 2024, China’s economy continued to struggle with persistent challenges, including slower growth, weak consumption, and deflationary pressures. However, Chinese leaders view these difficulties as an acceptable and temporary cost of its…
Analyses |
| Sandra Baniak
On March 4, CK Hutchison, a Hong Kong-based holding company, announced an agreement to sell 90% of its stake in Panama Ports Company (PPC) and 80% of its stake in Hutchison Port Holdings and Hutchison Port Group (HPH), with the remaining…
Analyses |
| Aleksandra Kozaczyńska
In 2024, the United States was Germany’s most important trading partner, with a trade volume of €253.4 billion and a surplus of €70 billion (see table). The US thus surpassed the previous leader, China (€254.2 billion in trade volume in…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
On 3 March, US media, citing White House or Pentagon officials, reported that the US was suspending military aid to Kyiv. The Wall Street Journal was the first to report on the Donald Trump administration freezing of deliveries to Ukraine…
Analyses |
| Marek Menkiszak
Faced with the shifting rhetoric and actions of the Donald Trump administration, Moscow is focusing on the elements it perceives as advantageous to its interests. In response, the Kremlin is pursuing a dual-track tactic. On the one hand,…
OSW Commentary |
| Łukasz Maślanka, Piotr Szymański
NATO and the EU, Europe’s two most important security institutions, are currently pursuing their second round of efforts within the past decade to enhance the crisis resilience of states and societies. The first followed Russia’s…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
OSW Commentary |
| Wojciech Konończuk
Despite advances by Russian forces, the third year of full-scale war has not seen a fundamental shift in the military situation. However, it has brought a significant political shift with Donald Trump assuming the US presidency on 20…
Analyses |
| Maciej Kalwasiński
On 4 February, additional 10% tariffs, imposed by the US president on goods imported from China came into effect. In response, Beijing announced 15% tariffs on coal and LNG imported from the United States, along with a 10% rate on 72…