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OSW Commentary |
| Maria Domańska
The dynamics of the domestic political situation in Russia in 2021 was determined by the authorities' crackdown on Alexei Navalny – the most important opposition figure – as well as on his associates and supporters. The aim was to destroy…
Analyses |
| OSW team
On December 7, a virtual US-Russian summit took place via a protected videolink, in which Presidents Joe Biden and Vladimir Putin conversed directly for about two hours. The US president was accompanied by Secretary of State Antony Blinken…
Analyses |
| Piotr Żochowski
On 7 December, Ukrainian military intelligence (HUR) announced that Russia is strengthening its support for the armed forces of the so-called separatists. In the 1st and 2nd Army Corps (based in Donetsk and Luhansk respectively), training…
Analyses |
| Kamil Kłysiński
On 2 December, the Council of the European Union announced the decision to adopt another package – the fifth in succession – of sanctions against Belarus to be introduced since the rigged presidential elections on 9 August 2020. The EU’s…
Analyses |
| Michał Kędzierski, Szymon Kardaś, Agata Łoskot-Strachota
On 28 November, the American news website Axios reported on a non-paper that was sent on 19 November by the German government, via the embassy in Washington, to members of the US Congress concerning the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline. Its…
OSW Commentary |
| Wojciech Górecki, Krzysztof Strachota
A year after the end of the second Karabakh war, the situation in the South Caucasus evades simple definition.
OSW Commentary |
| Sebastian Płóciennik
The adaptation of the economy and the state to new information technologies – next to the energy transformation (Energiewende) – is viewed as one of the greatest civilisational challenges Germany is currently facing. However, progress in…
OSW Report |
| Maria Domańska, Jadwiga Rogoża
The Kremlin's vision of the past is becoming increasingly ideologised. This applies especially to the notion of victory over Nazi Germany in 1945, which has become a kind of a founding myth of Putinism. The historical narrative is intended…
OSW Commentary |
| Marek Menkiszak
Recent weeks have brought further displays of Russia’s escalating aggressive rhetoric and actions towards Ukraine, including troop movements near its border, as well as use of energy as leverage. This raises questions about Moscow’s…
Analyses |
| Michał Kędzierski, Szymon Kardaś
On 16 November, the German Federal Network Agency (Bundesnetzagentur, BNetzA) announced it was suspending the process of certifying Nord Stream 2 AG (NS2AG) as an independent transmission system operator. In its statement the regulator…