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OSW Commentary | | Łukasz Maślanka, Piotr Szymański

The resilience of the European Union and NATO in an era of multiple crises

NATO and the EU, Europe’s two most important security institutions, are currently pursuing their second round of efforts within the past decade to enhance the crisis resilience of states and societies. The first followed Russia’s…
OSW Commentary | | Wojciech Konończuk

Year three of the war Russias hopes for victory and a crisis in transatlantic relations

Despite advances by Russian forces, the third year of full-scale war has not seen a fundamental shift in the military situation. However, it has brought a significant political shift with Donald Trump assuming the US presidency on 20…
Analyses | | Piotr Szymański, Jacek Tarociński

Sweden reinventing total defence and a proactive stance in NATO

On 17 December, the Swedish parliament adopted the country’s defence resolution for 2025–2030. This is the first document to outline the primary directions for military cooperation and the development of Sweden’s defence capabilities in…
Analyses | | Piotr Szymański, Filip Rudnik

Denmark and Sweden how to stop the shadow fleet

On 16 June, Denmark’s foreign minister Lars Løkke Rasmussen announced that Copenhagen had assembled a coalition of countries to evaluate the possibility of introducing new restrictions against the ‘shadow fleet’ in the Baltic Sea. These…
OSW Commentary | | Jakub Graca, Justyna Gotkowska

NATOs nuclear deterrence is it time for change

NATO is in the process of adjusting its nuclear deterrence in response to the modernisation of Russia’s nuclear capabilities, the deployment of Russian tactical nuclear weapons near NATO’s borders, and the Kremlin’s increasingly aggressive…
Analyses | | Jacek Tarociński

Nordic countries a common vision for the development of defence cooperation

On 30 April, the defence ministers of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden signed a document setting out their overall common vision for the development of Nordic defence cooperation up to 2030 under NORDEFCO. Their collaboration…
Analyses | | Jacek Tarociński

Finland Sweden and Denmark Defence Cooperation Agreements with the USA

Sweden, Finland and Denmark signed bilateral Defence Cooperation Agreements (DCAs) with the United States in December. Under the DCAs, the US ArmedForces have been granted unrestricted access to the military infrastructure (air, sea and…
OSW Commentary | | Jakub Graca, Jacek Tarociński

Sweden in NATO the rear for the Alliances north-eastern flank

Sweden has been on the threshold of membership in NATO since the Alliance’s Madrid summit in June 2022. However, for its full-fledged participation in all NATO political and military structures, it still needs Turkey and Hungary to ratify…
Analyses | | Jacek Tarociński

Sweden and Finland towards Defence Cooperation Agreements with the US

At the annual security conference held in Sälen on 9 January, Swedish defence minister Pål Jonson announced that the government had begun talks with the US on concluding a Defence Cooperation Agreement (DCA), which is designed to enable…
Analyses | | Justyna Gotkowska

Swedens new government domestic changes security consensus

On 18 October, Ulf Kristersson, the head of the Moderate Party and the new Prime Minister, presented the Statement of Government Policy in the Riksdag and announced the ministers of the new centre-right coalition (the Moderate Party, the…