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OSW Commentary | | Konrad Popławski

Unequal competition The consequences of the liberalisation of EU–Ukraine road carriage for Central Europe

An agreement between the EU and Ukraine on the partial liberalisation of the carriage of freight by road, which was signed in June 2022, has caused a major transformation of this market. On the one hand, it accelerated the Ukrainian…
OSW Commentary | | Konrad Popławski

Can the global battle for electromobility pose a threat to Central Europe

The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) adopted in 2022 marks a profound change in the US’s approach to its economic competition with China. This will have global consequences, and will also come to affect Central Europe. Since this document was…