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OSW Commentary | | Konrad Popławski
Over the past decade, Chinese investors have expanded their presence in European ports, acquiring significant stakes in some of the continent’s largest terminals, including those in Rotterdam, Hamburg, and Antwerp. Following the 2008…
OSW Commentary | | Konrad Popławski
An agreement between the EU and Ukraine on the partial liberalisation of the carriage of freight by road, which was signed in June 2022, has caused a major transformation of this market. On the one hand, it accelerated the Ukrainian…
OSW Commentary | | Sławomir Matuszak, Konrad Popławski
The Ukrainian government has used the ongoing war as an opportunity to carry out a rapid transformation of the railway infrastructure in the western part of the country. This process is expected to both increase the capacity of the railway…
OSW Commentary | | Konrad Popławski
The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) adopted in 2022 marks a profound change in the US’s approach to its economic competition with China. This will have global consequences, and will also come to affect Central Europe. Since this document was…
OSW Commentary | | Jakub Jakóbowski, Konrad Popławski
Donald Trump’s aggressive policy towards Beijing and the spectre of a trade war have served as a catalyst for the resumption of dialogue between China and the EU. 
OSW Studies | | Jakub Jakóbowski, Konrad Popławski, Marcin Kaczmarski
The report discusses the current state and future prospects of rail connections between China and the countries of the European Union. Special emphasis is placed on the role of Central Europe. 
OSW Commentary | | Konrad Popławski
Recent acquisitions of German companies by Chinese investors indicate that Germany is struggling to defend its interests.
OSW Studies | | Konrad Popławski
The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership offers a chance for improving relations between Germany and the USA for the first time in many years.
OSW Commentary | | Konrad Popławski, Anna Kwiatkowska
The crisis in Ukraine have brought about a situation in which it is necessary for Germany to make decisions and take action. No one in Berlin was prepared for this.
OSW Commentary | | Konrad Popławski
The negotiations on the banking union have confirmed that Germany has emerged as an undisputed leader within the EU.