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Analyses | | Michał Kędzierski, Szymon Kardaś, Agata Łoskot-Strachota

Germanys non-paper defending Nord Stream 2 addressed to the members of the US Congress

On 28 November, the American news website Axios reported on a non-paper that was sent on 19 November by the German government, via the embassy in Washington, to members of the US Congress concerning the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline. Its…
Analyses | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

Russian gas on the EU market increased transmission and continuing uncertainty

According to President Vladimir Putin's instructions, Gazprom began filling its European gas storage facilities on 8 November. According to information from the company, on 9 November a plan to pump gas into five facilities began…
OSW Commentary | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Mateusz Seroka, Marta Szpala

TurkStream on the diversifying south-eastern European gas market

December 2020 saw the completion of another part (Bulgaria–Serbia) of the European section of the TurkStream gas pipeline, through which gas has been exported from Russia to south--eastern Europe since January 2020. The capacity of the…
OSW Commentary | | Ryszarda Formuszewicz, Szymon Kardaś, Agata Łoskot-Strachota

The dispute over Nord Stream 2 the stances and the outlook

Russian ships resumed laying the Nord Stream 2 (NS2) gas pipeline on the Baltic Sea bed in February this year. Russia’s goal is to complete the project and put it into operation as soon as possible. This coincided with media reports that…
OSW Commentary | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

More EU less Russia Transforming gas transmission rules in Central and South-Eastern Europe

In recent months, the rules for gas transmission through the countries of Central and South-Eastern Europe have been changing at an ever faster rate. There has been much talk about opening new routes for exporting Russian gas to the…
Analyses | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Sławomir Matuszak

The growing role of Ukraine on the Central European gas market

According to data from Ukrtranshaz, the operator of Ukraine’s underground storage facilities, the country has accumulated 27 bcm of gas in them as of 16 September, which is the largest volume in 10 years. According to the head of Naftogaz…
Analyses | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

Sanctions against Nord Stream 2 in the US defence budget

The US Congress adopted the defence budget (National Defense Authorization Act, NDAA) for 2020 which envisages sanctions concerning the Nord Stream 2 (NS2) gas pipeline. On 9 December, the document was passed by the House of…
Analyses | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Szymon Kardaś, Piotr Szymański, Sławomir Matuszak

Denmark gives go-ahead for Nord Stream 2

On 30 October the Danish Energy Agency (DEA) issued a permit allowing the construction of Nord Stream 2 in the Danish exclusive economic zone on the route that runs southeast from Bornholm, thereby rejecting the alternative route running…
OSW Commentary | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Szymon Kardaś

Gazproms interests hit by CJEU judgment on OPAL pipeline

On 10 September, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) annulled a decision issued by the European Commission on 28 October 2016 allowing the Russian Gazprom to send greater volumes of gas through the OPAL pipeline. The CJEU…
Analyses | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

The gas directive revision EU law poses problems for Nord Stream 2

On 20 February, the Committee of Permanent Representatives of the EU Council (COREPER) endorsed a compromise version of the amendments to the gas directive which had been agreed a week earlier during the tripartite ‘trilogue’ meeting with…