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OSW Commentary | | Łukasz Maślanka, Piotr Szymański

The resilience of the European Union and NATO in an era of multiple crises

NATO and the EU, Europe’s two most important security institutions, are currently pursuing their second round of efforts within the past decade to enhance the crisis resilience of states and societies. The first followed Russia’s…
OSW Commentary | | Piotr Szymański

Universal selective and lottery-based conscription in the Nordic and Baltic states

The Nordic and Baltic region is currently experiencing a significant expansion of conscription and reserve forces. In addition to accelerated military modernisation and the reinforcement of NATO’s north-eastern flank, enhancing…
OSW Commentary | | Piotr Szymański

High North high priority – Norway and the defence of NATOs northern flank

NATO's northern flank plays an increasingly important role in the security of the Euro-Atlantic area. Russia’s forces in the Northern Military District pose not only a conventional threat to Norway, but also a nuclear threat to the whole…
OSW Commentary | | Piotr Szymański

Wrestling in Greenland Denmark the United States and China in the land of ice

International interest in Greenland has been growing for several years. This trend is a result of the increasing global competition between the US, China and Russia (including in the Arctic) and the acceleration of climate change, which is…
OSW Commentary | | Piotr Szymański

The northern tandem The Swedish-Finnish defence cooperation

In response to the change in the security environment after 2014, militarily non-aligned Sweden and Finland are developing their defence cooperation with NATO and the USA and strengthening their bilateral defence relationship. Although a…
OSW Commentary | | Piotr Szymański

Overstretched Denmarks security policy and armed forces in light of the new Defence Agreement

In January 2018, Denmark adopted a new Defence Agreement for 2018–2023 – a cross-party strategy for the development of the Danish armed forces.
OSW Commentary | | Justyna Gotkowska, Piotr Szymański

The Nordic countries on Nord Stream 2 between scepticism and neutrality

Sweden, Finland and Denmark have seen a revival of the debate on the Nord Stream 2 project in recent months.
OSW Commentary | | Justyna Gotkowska, Piotr Szymański

Pro-American non-alignment Sweden and Finland develop closer military co-operation with the United States

Russia’s increasingly aggressive policy and its enhanced activity in the Nordic-Baltic region has led to revaluations in Sweden’s and Finland’s security policies.