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OSW Commentary | | Łukasz Kobeszko

A dwindling nation Bulgaria is on the brink of a demographic collapse

The greatest challenge Bulgaria will face in the coming decades is addressing the persistent negative trends associated with depopulation. The country’s demographic crisis has been worsening for years, with the population steadily…
OSW Commentary | | Jakub Graca, Justyna Gotkowska

NATOs nuclear deterrence is it time for change

NATO is in the process of adjusting its nuclear deterrence in response to the modernisation of Russia’s nuclear capabilities, the deployment of Russian tactical nuclear weapons near NATO’s borders, and the Kremlin’s increasingly aggressive…
OSW Commentary | | Łukasz Kobeszko

A country of interim governments The political crisis in Bulgaria and the attempts to solve it

Bulgaria has held five parliamentary elections over the past three years. On 9 June, the citizens of this country will once again elect a new parliament in yet another snap election. A series of interim cabinets appointed by President…
OSW Commentary | | Zuzanna Krzyżanowska

On the trail of the grey wolf pan-Turkism in Turkeys foreign policy

Ankara’s active policy in the Caucasus and Central Asia is linked among other things with pan-Turkism, an idea which advocates the integration of the Turkic nations. It is continuously present in the political culture of the Turkish state…