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OSW Commentary |
| Łukasz Maślanka, Piotr Szymański
NATO and the EU, Europe’s two most important security institutions, are currently pursuing their second round of efforts within the past decade to enhance the crisis resilience of states and societies. The first followed Russia’s…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
OSW Commentary |
| Wojciech Konończuk
Despite advances by Russian forces, the third year of full-scale war has not seen a fundamental shift in the military situation. However, it has brought a significant political shift with Donald Trump assuming the US presidency on 20…
Analyses |
| Kamil Całus
On 31 January, the European Commission approved €64 million in non-repayable aid for Moldova, including €20 million to alleviate the energy crisis in Transnistria.
Analyses |
| Kamil Całus
Moldova will declare a state of energy emergency on 16 December due to an impending crisis caused by Ukraine’s decision not to extend the transit contract for Russian gas after 2025. Meanwhile, the separatist region of Transnistria heavily…
OSW Commentary |
| Kamil Całus, Krzysztof Nieczypor
On 30 October, the European Commission published its annual enlargement reports containing a detailed assessment of the state of play and the progress made by the countries seeking to join the European Union, including Ukraine and Moldova…
Analyses |
| Kamil Całus
On 17 March, Ukraine’s energy minister Herman Halushchenko repeated that his country had no plans to extend its existing contract with Gazprom for the transit of Russian gas through Ukrainian territory. The five-year agreement, which was…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Nieczypor, Marta Szpala
On 14 December, the European Council decided to open accession negotiations with Ukraine & Moldova, and to grant Georgia candidate status. Despite the threat of a veto, Hungary eventually abstained (Prime Minister Viktor Orbán left the…
Analyses |
| Kamil Całus
On 27 June Moldova’s President Maia Sandu paid an official visit to Kyiv, the first since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. She met, among other officials, President Volodymyr Zelensky, and visited Bucha, Irpin and Borodyanka. During her visit…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Nieczypor, Kamil Całus
At the European Council summit held on 23 June, Ukraine and Moldova were granted EU candidate country status. The decision was described as historic by both the EU leadership and the governments of Ukraine and Moldova. President Volodymyr…