Research Fellow at the OSW Russian Department since 2023. A graduate of the double-degree IMCEERES master's program at the University of Glasgow and the University of Tartu, during which he conducted one-year research in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. He also studied at the Center for Eastern European Studies at the University of Warsaw (undergraduate degree). A regular columnist of "Kultura Liberalna" weekly, publishing in other media as well. Previously worked as an analyst of energy markets in the private sector. In 2022 he concluded a Bluebook Traineeship at the Directorate-General for Energy of the European Commission.