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OSW Commentary |
| Bartosz Chmielewski, Sandra Baniak
Alongside Via Baltica, Rail Baltica (RB), which involves the construction of a high-speed railway (HSR) connecting the Baltic state’s capitals, has been the most important infrastructural venture carried out by these states since they…
Analyses |
| Bartosz Chmielewski
On 23 July, the Estonian parliament granted a vote of confidence to the cabinet led by Kristen Michal of the Reform Party. The new government was formed after former Prime Minister Kaja Kallas was nominated as the EU High Representative…
OSW Commentary |
| Bartosz Chmielewski
Due to its negative natural increase and emigration, Latvia is one of the fastest depopulating countries in the world, losing 18,000–20,000 inhabitants annually – the equivalent of a medium-sized Latvian town. Although the country’s…
OSW Commentary |
| Bartosz Chmielewski, Jacek Tarociński
Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 reinforced the sense of threat from Russia in the Baltic states, and spurred them to speed up the implementation of their national defence policies. Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia…
Analyses |
| Bartosz Chmielewski
On 29 January, Jüri Ratas, Estonia’s former long-time prime minister (2016–2021) and the leader of the Estonian Centre Party (Eesti Keskerakond, CP) until September 2023, announced his decision to join the right-wing Fatherland party (…
OSW Commentary |
| Bartosz Chmielewski
The Russian invasion of Ukraine marked the beginning of a new chapter in the Latvian state’s policy towards the Russian-speaking minority which accounts for around a third of the country’s population. The shock caused by the Russia’s…
Analyses |
| Bartosz Chmielewski
On 15 September, the Latvian parliament (Saeima) gave a vote of confidence to the government of Prime Minister Evika Siliņa: 53 out of 100 MPs were in favour while 39 voted against. The new cabinet will be formed by three political forces…
OSW Commentary |
| Bartosz Chmielewski, Jacek Tarociński
The migratory pressure on the Polish, Lithuanian and Latvian borders with Belarus which has been ongoing since mid-2021, as well as Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, have spurred the Baltic states and Finland to ramp up their…
Analyses |
| Piotr Żochowski, Joanna Hyndle-Hussein, Bartosz Chmielewski
The meeting of the Security Council of the Republic of Belarus held on 31 August 2023 was devoted to the “tense international situation”, and included an assessment of threats present on the border with Poland and the Baltic states.…
OSW Commentary |
| Bartosz Chmielewski
Estonia is the only one of the three Baltic states to have recorded stable population growth in recent years. The main reason for this has been the increasingly positive rates of immigration and re-remigration, which have enabled Estonia…