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Analyses | | Łukasz Maślanka

The White Paper the EUs new initiatives for European defence

On 19 March, the European Commission and the EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Kaja Kallas, presented the so-called White Paper on the future of European defence: Readiness 2030. It updates the assessment of…
OSW Commentary | | Łukasz Maślanka, Piotr Szymański

The resilience of the European Union and NATO in an era of multiple crises

NATO and the EU, Europe’s two most important security institutions, are currently pursuing their second round of efforts within the past decade to enhance the crisis resilience of states and societies. The first followed Russia’s…
Analyses | | Łukasz Maślanka

A fragile compromise on the EUs additional military aid for Ukraine

On 18 March, the Council of the EU passed a decision modifying the form of the European Peace Facility (EPF, see ‘An EU War Chest: the success and uncertain future of the European Peace Facility’).
Analyses | | Krzysztof Nieczypor, Ilona Gizińska, Łukasz Maślanka

The EU approves financial assistance for Ukraine and negotiates military assistance

At an extraordinary summit held on 1 February in Brussels, the European Council (hereafter the Council) decided to launch the Ukraine Facility, an instrument intended to provide financial assistance to Kyiv in the period from 2024 to 2027…
Analyses | | Jakub Ber, Piotr Żochowski, Jakub Graca, Łukasz Maślanka

Battle of Avdiivka Day 596 of the war

At dawn on 10 October, the Russians launched an offensive operation at Avdiivka. The city and its immediate surroundings came under intense barrelled artillery fire and rocket systems (thermobaric and incendiary phosphorus shells, among…