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OSW Commentary |
| Piotr Żochowski, Sławomir Matuszak, Tadeusz Iwański
The high susceptibility of Ukrainian officials to corruption has been one factor affecting the condition of the Ukrainian state. Since 2014, the government has managed to create several anti-corruption institutions whose independence from…
OSW Commentary |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota
In recent months, the rules for gas transmission through the countries of Central and South-Eastern Europe have been changing at an ever faster rate. There has been much talk about opening new routes for exporting Russian gas to the…
Analyses |
| Katarzyna Chawryło, Wojciech Górecki
Following talks in Moscow lasting ten hours between the foreign ministers of Russia, Armenia and Azerbaijan, overnight on the 9-10 October, the head of Russian diplomacy, Sergei Lavrov, announced that the parties had reached an agreement…
OSW Report |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
The digital transformation has become one of the Russian government’s economic priorities during Vladimir Putin’s fourth presidential term. At its core has been the development of ICT infrastructure, and especially the deployment of fifth-…
Analyses |
| Kamil Kłysiński
On 11 October, another weekly mass demonstration by Alyaksandr Lukashenka’s opponents was held in Minsk. This time it took place under the slogan of ‘the March of Pride’, referring to the moral advantage which the demonstrating citizens…
OSW Report |
| Kamil Kłysiński, Wojciech Konończuk
The outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in 2014 became a turning point in Belarus’s historical narrative and forced the regime to emphasise Belarusian distinctiveness from Russia more than before. The activation of the politics of…
Analyses |
| Wojciech Górecki
The fighting in Nagorno-Karabakh, which started with the Azerbaijani offensive on 27 September and over the following days has taken the form of positional warfare (artillery and rocket fire, with heavy use of aircraft and drones), has…
Analyses |
| Kamil Kłysiński
For the eighth week in succession, Alyaksandr Lukashenka’s opponents held marches in many Belarusian cities on 4 October, demanding his resignation and the organisation of new elections. The demonstrations called for the release of…
Analyses |
| Wojciech Górecki
The intensive fighting between Azerbaijani and Armenian forces, initiated by Baku on Sunday 27 September, is continuing. The clashes are focused in particular on the northern and south-eastern sections of the line separating the Baku-…
Analyses |
| Wojciech Górecki
Azerbaijani and Armenian forces have been engaged in intense clashes since the morning of 27 September. The clashes have been seen along the entire line of contact that separates Azerbaijan-controlled areas from the separatist Nagorno-…