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OSW Commentary |
| Jakub Ber
The Russian invasion of Ukraine, which started in February 2022, has caused not only the deaths and suffering of thousands of people, but also huge environmental damage. It has also exacerbated the enormous environmental problems of the…
OSW Commentary |
| Zuzanna Krzyżanowska
The victory of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and his Justice and Development Party (AKP) in the presidential and parliamentary elections held in May 2023 marked the beginning of a third decade of uninterrupted rule for him (first as prime minister…
OSW Commentary |
| Jakub Graca, Jacek Tarociński
Sweden has been on the threshold of membership in NATO since the Alliance’s Madrid summit in June 2022. However, for its full-fledged participation in all NATO political and military structures, it still needs Turkey and Hungary to ratify…
OSW Commentary |
| Krzysztof Nieczypor
According to the Ukrainian government, around 174,000 km2 of the country’s territory potentially requires demining. This is almost a third of Ukraine’s total area. Although this estimate seems to be exaggerated, the threat of mines and…
OSW Commentary |
| Witold Rodkiewicz, Tadeusz Iwański
No major success has been seen during the past five months of the Ukrainian counteroffensive. In an interview for the Economist on 1 November, General Valerii Zaluzhnyi, the Ukrainian army’s commander-in-chief, described the situation on…
OSW Commentary |
| Ilona Gizińska, Andrzej Sadecki
Since Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022, Hungarian-US relations have deteriorated even further. Hungary’s close cooperation with Russia and China had already caused concern in Washington. In addition, successive Democratic administrations had…
OSW Commentary |
| Paulina Uznańska, Jakub Jakóbowski
The third Belt and Road Forum in Beijing was intended to cast a new light on Xi Jinping’s flagship global initiative. As part of its post-pandemic effort to open up to the world, China has declared that regional projects focused on high-…
OSW Commentary |
| Maria Domańska
In 2023, Russia has seen a spike in acts of destruction or removal from public space of monuments and symbols commemorating the victims of political repression, primarily Poles. This is connected with Russia’s full-scale assault on Ukraine…
OSW Commentary |
| Maria Domańska, Stefan Ingvarsson
Russia is currently experiencing the largest wave of politically driven emigration in its modern history. Among the hundreds of thousands of migrants, a relatively small but active group of civic activists, politicians, journalists and…
OSW Commentary |
| Łukasz Maślanka
The EU’s security policy towards the Sahel has reached an impasse following a series of coups in the region. The EU sees it as an area of its extended southern neighbourhood and focuses primarily on its partnership with the group of five…