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Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski

Russia renews its attacks on Ukraines energy sector Day 575 of the war

On 21 September, the Russians launched their largest missile attack in many months; it also represented the first massive strike targeting Ukraine’s energy infrastructure in six months. According to Ukrenerho, facilities in the central and…
OSW Report | | Kamil Całus

Punching below its weight. Romania’s foreign policy dilemmas

Romania is the largest and most populous country in southeastern Europe and one of Europe’s fastest growing economies. Despite its potential, Romania’s foreign policy appears to be very passive and lacking in any far-reaching ambitions. It…
Analyses | | Krzysztof Strachota

The third Karabakh war

At noon on 19 September, Azerbaijan launched a ‘local anti-terrorist operation’ against the unrecognised Nagorno-Karabakh Republic; this took the form of massive air and artillery attacks on military installations in the para-state,…
Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski

Russian missile attacks intensify Day 572 of the war

Russian missiles attacked industrial facilities in Kharkiv for three consecutive days starting on 16 September. Their main target was the Kharkovskiy Bronetankovy Zavod (KhBTZ), which repairs heavy armaments and military equipment. The…
OSW Commentary | | Krzysztof Dębiec

Slovakia before the parliamentary election back to the past

The election to Slovakia’s unicameral parliament, scheduled for 30 September, will bring significant changes to the composition of the National Council, and the new government is likely to adjust the country’s foreign policy. The left-…
Analyses | | Bartosz Chmielewski

Latvia a new government led by Evika Siliņa

On 15 September, the Latvian parliament (Saeima) gave a vote of confidence to the government of Prime Minister Evika Siliņa: 53 out of 100 MPs were in favour while 39 voted against. The new cabinet will be formed by three political forces…
Analyses | | Sławomir Matuszak, Ilona Gizińska, Krzysztof Dębiec, Kamil Całus, Łukasz Kobeszko, Andrzej Sadecki

Reactions to the EUs lifting of restrictions on grain imports from Ukraine

On 15 September, the European Commission decided not to extend the restrictions on imports of wheat, maize, rapeseed and sunflower from Ukraine which have been in place since May. On the same day, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary unilaterally…
Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski

Ukraine attacks the Black Sea Fleet Day 568 of the war

On 13 September, Ukrainian forces carried out a combined attack on Russian naval facilities in Sevastopol and the missile corvette Vasily Bykov which operates in the Black Sea; the Ukrainians used surface kamikaze drones and Storm Shadow…
OSW Commentary | | Bartosz Chmielewski, Jacek Tarociński

The Baltic states and Finland fencing themselves off from Russia and Belarus

The migratory pressure on the Polish, Lithuanian and Latvian borders with Belarus which has been ongoing since mid-2021, as well as Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, have spurred the Baltic states and Finland to ramp up their…
Analyses | | Michał Kędzierski

Germany a controversial heating law

On 8 September the Bundestag passed an amendment to the Buildings Energy Act (Gebäudeenergiegesetz, GEG) which was backed by the SPD-Greens-FDP coalition. It includes new regulations on the installation of heating devices in Germany, and…