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OSW Commentary | | Łukasz Maślanka, Piotr Szymański

The resilience of the European Union and NATO in an era of multiple crises

NATO and the EU, Europe’s two most important security institutions, are currently pursuing their second round of efforts within the past decade to enhance the crisis resilience of states and societies. The first followed Russia’s…
OSW Commentary | | Wojciech Konończuk

Year three of the war Russias hopes for victory and a crisis in transatlantic relations

Despite advances by Russian forces, the third year of full-scale war has not seen a fundamental shift in the military situation. However, it has brought a significant political shift with Donald Trump assuming the US presidency on 20…
OSW Commentary | | Łukasz Kobeszko

A dwindling nation Bulgaria is on the brink of a demographic collapse

The greatest challenge Bulgaria will face in the coming decades is addressing the persistent negative trends associated with depopulation. The country’s demographic crisis has been worsening for years, with the population steadily…
OSW Commentary | | Robert Pszczel

Europes security without America an imperative of the moment or a dangerous idea

For many years, a variety of concepts linked with the so-called European security and defence identity had appeared, vanished and re-emerged in the public space. Numerous terms and ideas related to this concept have been enjoying life of…
OSW Commentary | | Jakub Graca, Justyna Gotkowska

NATOs nuclear deterrence is it time for change

NATO is in the process of adjusting its nuclear deterrence in response to the modernisation of Russia’s nuclear capabilities, the deployment of Russian tactical nuclear weapons near NATO’s borders, and the Kremlin’s increasingly aggressive…
OSW Commentary | | Łukasz Kobeszko

A country of interim governments The political crisis in Bulgaria and the attempts to solve it

Bulgaria has held five parliamentary elections over the past three years. On 9 June, the citizens of this country will once again elect a new parliament in yet another snap election. A series of interim cabinets appointed by President…
OSW Commentary | | Zuzanna Krzyżanowska

On the trail of the grey wolf pan-Turkism in Turkeys foreign policy

Ankara’s active policy in the Caucasus and Central Asia is linked among other things with pan-Turkism, an idea which advocates the integration of the Turkic nations. It is continuously present in the political culture of the Turkish state…
OSW Commentary | | Kamil Całus

A shift further to the right Radical parties are gaining popularity in Romania

Over the past year or so, Romania has seen a rapid increase in the popularity of radical and Eurosceptic right-wing parties which are unwilling to provide military or financial support to Ukraine and sometimes openly advocate for…
OSW Commentary | | Marta Szpala

Elections in Serbia a test for Aleksandar Vučićs system of power

The early parliamentary and local elections in Serbia (17 December) are a test for the system created by President Aleksandar Vučić and his Serbian Progressive Party (SNS). They are taking place in an atmosphere of strong social…
OSW Commentary | | Paulina Wankiewicz

The fading star pupil ten years of Croatias membership in the European Union

A decade ago, on 1 July 2013, the Republic of Croatia became a member of the European Union. Despite being the newest EU member, it is one of the countries in Southeastern Europe that have made the most headway in the integration process.…